Step 1: Prepare the crust

1. Preheat the oven to 325°F (163°C).
2. In a medium bowl, mix the graham cracker crumbs, melted butter, brown sugar, and cinnamon until well combined.
3. Press the mixture firmly into the bottom of a 9-inch springform pan.
4. Bake for 10 minutes, then remove from the oven and let it cool while you prepare the filling.

Step 2: Make the cheesecake filling

1. In a large bowl, beat the cream cheese and sugar until smooth and fluffy (about 2-3 minutes).
2. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition.
3. Mix in the vanilla extract, sour cream, flour, and cinnamon until smooth and fully combined.
4. Pour the filling over the cooled crust and smooth the top with a spatula.

Step 3: Bake the cheesecake

1. Wrap the bottom of the springform pan with aluminum foil and place it in a large roasting pan.
2. Fill the roasting pan with about 1 inch of hot water to create a water bath (this prevents cracks).
3. Bake for 55-65 minutes or until the center is slightly jiggly but set.
4. Turn off the oven and leave the cheesecake inside with the door slightly open for 1 hour.
5. Remove from the oven, cool to room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 4 hours or overnight.

Step 4: Prepare the apple topping

1. In a skillet over medium heat, melt the butter and add the diced apples, brown sugar, cinnamon, and nutmeg.
2. Cook for 5-7 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the apples are soft but not mushy.
3. Remove from heat and stir in the vanilla extract. Let the mixture cool before adding it to the cheesecake.

Step 5: Make the caramel sauce

1. In a medium saucepan over medium heat, melt the sugar, stirring constantly until it turns a deep amber color.
2. Add the butter and stir until fully melted.
3. Slowly pour in the heavy cream while stirring (it will bubble).
4. Stir in the salt and vanilla extract, then remove from heat and let it cool.

Step 6: Assemble the cheesecake

1. Remove the cheesecake from the springform pan and place it on a serving platter.
2. Spoon the apple topping evenly over the cheesecake.
3. Drizzle generously with the caramel sauce.
4. Slice, serve, and enjoy!