Step 1: Prepare the Yeast Mixture

1. In a small bowl, combine the warm water and sugar. Sprinkle the active dry yeast over the water and let it sit for 5-10 minutes until the yeast is foamy. This indicates that the yeast is active and ready to use.

Step 2: Mix the Dough

1. In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour and salt.
2. Add the foamy yeast mixture and 1/3 cup of olive oil to the dry ingredients. Mix until a sticky dough forms.
3. Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and knead for about 8-10 minutes, until the dough is smooth and elastic. Alternatively, you can use a stand mixer with a dough hook attachment to knead the dough for 5-7 minutes.

Step 3: First Rise

1. Transfer the dough to a lightly oiled bowl, turning the dough to coat it in oil. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap or a clean kitchen towel and let it rise in a warm place for 1 to 1.5 hours, or until the dough has doubled in size.

Step 4: Prepare the Baking Pan

1. Generously oil a 9×13-inch baking pan or a large round pan with about 2 tablespoons of olive oil. This will help create the crispy crust that focaccia is known for.

Step 5: Shape the Dough

1. Once the dough has risen, punch it down to release the air. Transfer the dough to the prepared baking pan.
2. Gently stretch and press the dough into an even layer, covering the entire surface of the pan. If the dough resists stretching, let it rest for 10 minutes and try again.

Step 6: Second Rise

1. Cover the dough loosely with plastic wrap or a kitchen towel and let it rise again for 30-45 minutes, or until it puffs up slightly.

Step 7: Add Toppings

1. Preheat your oven to 425°F (220°C).
2. Using your fingers, gently press into the dough to create dimples all over the surface.
3. Drizzle the top with olive oil, ensuring it fills the dimples, and sprinkle with coarse sea salt. Add your favorite toppings, such as fresh rosemary, sliced cherry tomatoes, garlic, olives, or caramelized onions.

Step 8: Bake the Focaccia

1. Bake the focaccia in the preheated oven for 20-25 minutes, or until the top is golden brown and crispy.
2. Remove from the oven and let it cool slightly in the pan before transferring to a wire rack to cool completely.

Step 9: Serve and Enjoy

1. Slice the focaccia into squares or wedges and serve warm or at room temperature. It’s delicious on its own, dipped in olive oil, or served alongside soups, salads, or pasta dishes.